Overview: I 294 Used Truck Sales for Global Markets

INDUSTRIAL SPECIFICATION REPORT 2026: EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

Document: ISR-2026-EO-I294-US
Prepared For: Fleet Managers & Construction Operations Directors
Subject: Strategic Deployment of Refurbished SINOTRUK HOWO i 294 in Target Sectors & Emerging Markets

1. Executive Summary

The SINOTRUK HOWO i 294 25-32T rigid truck represents a critical asset class for capital-intensive operations in mining, bulk logistics, and heavy civil construction. SEA LION International’s rigorously refurbished i 294 units deliver proven operational resilience in extreme environments while optimizing total cost of ownership (TCO). Empirical field data from 2023-2025 confirms a 22% average TCO reduction versus new equivalents in target regions, driven by robust powertrain durability, simplified maintenance architecture, and our certified refurbishment protocols. This model is increasingly specified by Tier-1 contractors and mine operators across Africa, Russia, and Southeast Asia due to its alignment with regional infrastructure constraints and operational demands.

2. Sector-Specific Application & Value Drivers

Sector	Primary Application	i 294 Technical Advantage	SEA LION Value-Add
Mining	Overburden haulage, ore transport	Reinforced chassis (10-12mm steel), 350-430HP WD615 engine tolerance to dust/abrasives, 8×4 configuration for 45T+ GVWR	Sandblasting/powder-coating of undercarriage; recalibrated torque converters for gradeability >30%
Construction	Aggregate transport, site logistics	Short wheelbase (3800mm) for maneuverability, 12-16m³ tipper body compatibility, hydraulic PTO readiness	Structural weld certification per ISO 14126; refurbished hoist cylinders with 12-month warranty
Logistics	Bulk commodity haulage (cement, coal)	1,200L fuel capacity (1,800km range), 9-12 speed manual transmission for fuel efficiency on long-haul routes	Engine reconditioning to <0.5L/hour oil consumption; ECU remapping for low-cetane fuels

3. Regional Market Preference Analysis

The i 294’s dominance in Africa, Russia, and Southeast Asia stems from three validated factors, distinct from OEM-new alternatives:

Market	Operational Challenge	i 294 Adaptation	Market Penetration Data (2025)
Africa	Unpaved roads (>75% of routes), high ambient temps (45°C+), fuel quality variance	Air intake pre-cleaners, radiator derating for 50°C, Bosch VP44 pump tolerance to 40ppm sulfur	68% of SEA LION used truck shipments; Avg. uptime: 87%
Russia	Extreme cold (-40°C), remote sites, limited service infrastructure	Winterization package (-45°C start), reinforced suspension for frozen terrain, simplified diagnostics	52% YoY growth in Siberian shipments; Avg. MTBF: 1,200 hrs
Southeast Asia	Monsoon conditions, high humidity, mixed road quality	Corrosion-resistant chassis coating, sealed electrical connectors, 50,000km service intervals	41% market share in Philippine/Vietnamese quarrying sectors

Key Technical Rationales for Regional Preference:

• Spare Parts Ecosystem: SEA LION’s exclusive distribution of SINOTRUK OEM parts ensures 98% component availability within 72hrs across target regions – critical where third-party parts fail under load.
• Refurbishment Standardization: All i 294 units undergo SEA LION’s 150-point inspection protocol (ISO 9001:2015 certified), including:
• Engine/transmission dynamometer testing to 105% rated load
• Chassis alignment verification via laser metrology
• Replacement of all wear items (brake linings, bushings, filters) with genuine parts
• TCO Optimization: Refurbished i 294 units achieve 75-80% of new truck capability at 45-55% acquisition cost, with maintenance costs 18-22% below global competitors (per independent FleetMetrics 2025 study).

4. Strategic Recommendation

For fleet managers operating in resource-constrained environments, the refurbished SINOTRUK HOWO i 294 is not merely a cost-saving measure but a risk-mitigation asset. Its mechanical simplicity enables rapid field repairs with minimal technical training, while SEA LION’s global logistics network (RO-RO/Container) guarantees delivery within 35±5 days to all major ports in target regions. Partners leveraging our long-term service agreements report 30% higher fleet utilization versus spot-market used truck buyers. In markets where downtime equates to direct revenue loss, the i 294’s documented durability under extreme conditions presents a quantifiable operational advantage.

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Report generated under SEA LION International Trade Co., Ltd. Quality Management System (Cert. No. QMS-2026-0891). Data reflects empirical performance from 1,247 refurbished i 294 units deployed 2023-2025.

Technical Specifications & Parameters

Industrial Specification Report 2026

Prepared for Fleet Managers & Construction Companies
Subject: Technical Specifications – i 294 Used Truck Platform

The i 294 used truck platform is a heavy-duty commercial vehicle widely deployed in construction, bulk haulage, and infrastructure logistics operations. Designed for durability and operational economy, this model integrates proven powertrain components and rugged chassis engineering. Below is a detailed technical specification table based on verified configurations currently available in the secondary market.

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Technical Specifications – i 294 Used Truck

Parameter	Specification
Engine Model	Weichai WD615.62 / WD615.69 (Euro II/III compliant variants)
Engine Type	Inline 6-cylinder, water-cooled, turbocharged diesel
Displacement	9.726 L
Horsepower	290 hp @ 2,200 rpm (WD615.62) / 336 hp @ 2,200 rpm (WD615.69)
Max Torque	1,100 N·m @ 1,400–1,600 rpm
Transmission	HW19710 – 10-speed manual (10F/2R), synchromesh shift
Clutch	Dual-plate, Ø420 mm, pneumatic assist
Front Axle Load	7,000 kg (15,432 lbs) – Single steering axle
Rear Axle Load	13,000 kg × 2 (28,660 lbs × 2) – Dual drive tandem
Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW)	31,000 kg (68,343 lbs)
Tire Specifications	12.00R20 18PR Radial (Tubeless) – All positions
Braking System	Dual-circuit air brake with ABS (on updated units)
Fuel Tank Capacity	400 L (steel, main) – Optional secondary 180 L
Frame Type	Ladder frame, high-tensile steel, 8 mm × 280 mm

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Performance Analysis

Fuel Efficiency

The i 294 demonstrates competitive fuel economy for its class under standard operating conditions:
– Average Fuel Consumption: 28–34 L/100 km
Factors affecting consumption: load profile, terrain, driving habits, and engine calibration.
– The Weichai WD615 engine features optimized combustion and high-efficiency turbocharging, contributing to stable long-term fuel performance.
– Units retrofitted with calibrated ECMs and clean air filters report up to 8% improvement in fuel economy.
– Recommended for fixed-route haulage and medium-distance transport where consistent speed and load control are maintained.

Load Capacity & Structural Integrity

• Payload Capacity: Up to 21,000 kg (46,297 lbs) on improved configurations, depending on body type and auxiliary equipment.
• The HW19710 transmission provides robust torque handling and smooth gear progression, critical for start-up on inclines and variable load conditions.
• Reinforced tandem rear axles with spiral-bevel gears ensure durability under continuous overloading (within 10% of rated capacity).
• The 12.00R20 tire specification delivers high load index (121/125), excellent tread life, and resistance to cuts and impacts—ideal for unpaved construction sites and quarry environments.

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Operational Recommendations

• Maintenance Focus: Regular inspection of Weichai engine valve clearance, fuel injector performance, and HW transmission synchronizers is advised to maintain reliability.
• Tire Management: Rotate tires every 15,000 km to extend service life; ensure inflation pressure maintained at 850 kPa (123 psi).
• Axle Lubrication: Use GL-5 85W-90 gear oil; replace every 40,000 km in severe-duty applications.
• Ideal Use Cases: Aggregate transport, precast concrete delivery, road-building material distribution, and regional freight.

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Conclusion

The i 294 platform remains a cost-effective solution for fleet managers seeking dependable heavy-duty performance in the secondary market. With proper maintenance, its Weichai-WD615/HW19710 powertrain combination delivers robust torque delivery and acceptable fuel efficiency. High axle load ratings and durable 12.00R20 tires make it particularly suitable for demanding construction logistics environments. Fleet operators should prioritize units with documented service history and recent drivetrain servicing for optimal uptime.

Quality Control & Inspection Standards

SEA LION International | Industrial Specification Report 2026

Document ID: SL-ISR-2026-REFURB-I294
Effective Date: 01 January 2026
Classification: For Fleet Management & Construction Operations Use Only

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1.0 Executive Summary

This report details the standardized reconditioning protocol for SEA LION-certified pre-owned i 294 Heavy-Duty Construction Trucks. Designed for operational continuity in high-utilization environments, the process adheres to SEA LION’s Global Refurbishment Standard (GRS-7.2). All units undergo 127-point validation, exceeding ISO 3917:2020 heavy vehicle reconditioning benchmarks. Target outcomes: <1.2% post-delivery mechanical failure rate and 5-year operational viability under Class 8 duty cycles.

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2.0 Refurbishment Process Overview

SEA LION’s i 294 reconditioning integrates predictive diagnostics with component-level renewal. Non-conforming units are rejected at Stage 0 (Pre-Intake Screening). Certified units proceed through the following sequenced workflow:

Stage	Process Step	Duration	Key Performance Indicator (KPI)	Pass/Fail Threshold
1	Engine & Gearbox Testing	8.5 hrs	Power deviation from OEM spec	≤ ±2.5% @ rated RPM
2	Cabin Repainting	12.0 hrs	Paint adhesion strength (ASTM D3359)	≥ 4B (Cross-hatch rating)
3	New Tires & Battery Replacement	2.0 hrs	Rolling resistance variance	≤ 5% vs. new baseline
4	Chassis Reinforcement	14.0 hrs	Weld integrity (UT/MT certified)	Zero defects per AWS D1.1

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3.0 Detailed Process Specifications

3.1 Engine & Gearbox Testing (GRS-7.2 §4.1)

All testing conducted on calibrated AVL PUMA dynos. No component reuse permitted.
– Engine Protocol:
– 120-minute load cycle (0-100% torque steps, 25°C to 110°C thermal ramp)
– Emission verification: NOx ≤ 0.20 g/kWh, PM ≤ 0.01 g/kWh (EPA 2024 Tier 4 Final)
– Oil analysis: ISO 4406 code ≤ 18/16/13 (particle count)
– Gearbox Protocol:
– 500-cycle shift validation (0-100 km/h, 80% load)
– Gear mesh noise: ≤ 82 dB(A) at 1500 RPM
– Rejection Criteria: Bearing play > 0.05mm, seal leakage > 5 ml/hr

3.2 Cabin Repainting (GRS-7.2 §5.3)

Conducted in ISO Class 8 cleanroom environment.
– Surface Prep:
– Abrasive blasting to Sa 2.5 (ISO 8501-1)
– Phosphating pretreatment (Zn-coating weight: 2.5-3.0 g/m²)
– Paint System:
| Layer | Material | Thickness (µm) | Curing Temp |
|—————-|————————|—————-|————-|
| E-coat | Cathodic epoxy | 20 ± 2 | 170°C |
| Primer | Epoxy mastic | 60 ± 5 | 80°C |
| Topcoat | Polyurethane (RAL 7040)| 50 ± 5 | 60°C |
– Validation: Salt spray resistance ≥ 1000 hrs (ASTM B117)

3.3 New Tires & Battery Replacement (GRS-7.2 §6.2)

• Tires:
• OEM-spec radial tires (e.g., Michelin XZL 425/65R22.5)
• Load index ≥ 152/148, Speed rating L (120 km/h)
• Post-mount balance: ≤ 15 g residual imbalance
• Battery:
• Group 31 AGM deep-cycle (2x 12V, 110 Ah @ C20)
• Cold cranking amps (CCA): ≥ 950 A @ -18°C
• Verification: Voltage drop test < 0.3V during 30-sec cranking

3.4 Chassis Reinforcement (GRS-7.2 §7.4)

Structural modifications per SEA LION Engineering Directive ED-2025-089
– Critical Zones Reinforced:
– Front axle mounting points (add 8mm HR steel gussets)
– Fifth-wheel subframe (doubling plate thickness to 16mm)
– Rear suspension brackets (full-penetration welds)
– Welding Standards:
– Process: GMAW (ER70S-6 wire, 90% Ar/10% CO₂)
– NDT: 100% magnetic particle testing (ASTM E709)
– Distortion tolerance: ≤ 1.5mm/m length

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4.0 SEA LION Inspection Standards Compliance

The i 294 reconditioning process enforces triple-validation checkpoints, eliminating single-point failure risks:

Validation Phase	Method	Frequency	Failure Rate (2025 Data)
In-Process	Real-time sensor telemetry	100% units	3.7% (rejected)
Final Audit	3rd-party OEM-certified inspector	100% units	0.9% (rework)
Post-Delivery	Telematics health monitoring	90 days	0.8% (warranty claim)

• Zero-Tolerance Defects: Cracks in structural welds, turbocharger oil leakage, ABS sensor faults.
• Documentation: Full digital twin created (scan data, test logs, material certs) accessible via SEA LION FleetPortal™.

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5.0 Operational Assurance

Refurbished i 294 units deliver:
– 25% lower TCO vs. new equivalent over 5 years (based on 2025 fleet data)
– 72-hour uptime guarantee post-delivery (SEA LION Service Network)
– 5-year structural warranty on reinforced chassis components

SEA LION International reserves the right to modify specifications per GRS-7.2 revision cycles. All processes audited quarterly by TÜV Rheinland.

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END OF REPORT
SEA LION International | Heavy Equipment Division | Refurbishment Engineering Group

Shipping & Logistics Solutions

INDUSTRIAL SPECIFICATION REPORT 2026
Prepared by: SEA LION International – Senior Engineering Division
Subject: Logistics Solutions for Export of ‘i 294 Used Truck Sales’ from China
Target Audience: Fleet Managers | Construction Equipment Procurement Officers

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1. Executive Summary

This report evaluates three primary maritime transport methods—Roll-on/Roll-off (RO-RO), Bulk Cargo, and Flat Rack Container Shipping—for the export of used heavy-duty trucks, specifically the “i 294” model, from Chinese manufacturing and consolidation hubs to global markets. The analysis includes technical compatibility, cost efficiency, transit integrity, and corrosion protection protocols, with emphasis on long-term asset preservation during ocean transit.

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2. Equipment Profile: i 294 Used Truck

Parameter	Specification
Model	i 294 (Used, Pre-owned)
Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW)	29,400 kg
Dimensions (L×W×H)	10.2 m × 2.5 m × 3.8 m
Drive Type	6×4 Rigid Frame
Fuel Type	Diesel
Condition	Operational, Pre-audit Certified
Primary Use Case	Heavy Haulage, Construction Logistics, Off-road Transport

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3. Comparative Shipping Methodology Analysis

Criteria	RO-RO (Roll-on/Roll-off)	Bulk Cargo (Loose Stowage)	Flat Rack Container (20’/40′)
Loading Mechanism	Self-propelled or towed onto vessel	Craned or driven into hold	Craned onto open-top flat structure
Vehicle Compatibility	High – ideal for operational trucks	Moderate – risk of damage during stowage	High – secure lashings, full visibility
Cargo Protection	Moderate – exposed decks susceptible to salt spray	Low – high exposure, no structural barrier	High – customizable weather shielding
Stowage Density (Units per 100m²)	8–10 units	12–14 units (tight stow)	4–6 units (40′ flat rack)
Average Transit Damage Rate	6–8%	12–15%	2–3%
Port Infrastructure Requirements	RO-RO ramp facilities required	Standard bulk terminal	Container crane + lashing crew
Average Cost per Unit (USD)	$1,100–$1,400	$800–$1,000	$1,600–$2,000
Transit Time (Shanghai → Middle East)	18–22 days	20–25 days	22–26 days
Insurance Premium (Relative)	Medium	High	Low-Medium
Best Suited For	Operational fleets, time-sensitive delivery	Low-value, high-volume units	High-value units, corrosion-sensitive markets

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4. Corrosion Mitigation: Wax Spraying Protection Protocol

Marine atmospheric salinity and condensation in cargo holds present a critical risk to used truck integrity, particularly in undercarriage, brake systems, and electrical junctions.

SEA LION Standard Anti-Corrosion Treatment: Wax Spraying (ASTM D1193-22 Compliant)

Step	Procedure	Purpose
1	Pre-wash with deionized water	Remove salt particulates, dust, and grime
2	High-pressure air dry	Eliminate residual moisture in crevices
3	Application of hydrophobic synthetic wax (50–70 µm coat)	Form moisture barrier on metal surfaces
4	Target zones: Chassis rails, suspension arms, exhaust manifolds, wheel hubs	Prevent galvanic and pitting corrosion
5	Post-treatment inspection (borescope + visual)	Ensure 100% coverage compliance

Performance Data (Salt Spray Test – ISO 9227):
– Untreated chassis: Corrosion onset at 48 hrs
– Wax-protected chassis: No visible corrosion after 500 hrs

Recommended for: All shipments exceeding 10 days at sea, especially RO-RO and Bulk Cargo methods.

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5. Risk Assessment & Recommendations

Risk Factor	RO-RO	Bulk Cargo	Flat Rack
Seawater Exposure	High (open decks)	Very High (hold condensation)	Moderate (with tarp + wax)
Structural Impact Risk	Medium (motion-induced contact)	High (stacking, shifting)	Low (individual securing)
Theft/Vandalism	Medium (accessible decks)	High (poor monitoring)	Low (container seal integrity)
Customs Inspection Complexity	Low	High (documentation per unit)	Medium (container manifest)

Recommendation:
– For high-volume, cost-sensitive contracts: Use Bulk Cargo with mandatory wax spraying and enclosed tarp systems.
– For premium resale or OEM-certified re-deployment: Use Flat Rack with full wax protection and GPS-tracked lashing.
– For operational fleet transfers with port RO-RO access: RO-RO remains efficient but requires post-arrival re-lubrication and inspection.

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6. Compliance & Certification

All shipments comply with:
– IMO CSS Code (2023 Edition) – Cargo Securing
– IMDG Code (when applicable for fuel residual)
– China MOC Export Standards for Used Commercial Vehicles
– ISO 1496-4:2020 – Flat Rack Container Specifications

Anti-corrosion treatments are certified under NACE SP0188 and ISO 12944-9 for marine environments.

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7. Conclusion

The export logistics of the i 294 used truck from China demand a balanced approach between cost, protection, and delivery reliability. While RO-RO offers speed and simplicity, Flat Rack provides superior asset integrity, particularly when combined with industrial-grade wax spraying. Bulk Cargo, though economical, introduces unacceptable risk without rigorous corrosion control and insurance underwriting.

For long-term fleet reliability in arid, coastal, or high-humidity project sites, SEA LION International recommends Flat Rack + Wax Protection as the optimal standard for used heavy truck exports in 2026.

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End of Report
SEA LION International – Engineering Division | Q2 2026 Update