Overview: Excavator Size Comparison Chart for Global Markets

INDUSTRIAL SPECIFICATION REPORT 2026: EXCAVATOR SIZE COMPARISON CHART

Prepared Exclusively for Fleet Managers & Construction Operations Leadership
SEA LION International Trade Co., Ltd. | Heavy Equipment Solutions Division

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EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW: OPTIMIZING FLEET PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH PRECISE SIZE SELECTION

Selecting the correct excavator size is a critical, yet frequently miscalculated, determinant of project profitability in mining, bulk logistics, and civil construction. Undersized units lead to extended cycle times, accelerated component wear, and missed deadlines. Oversized units consume disproportionate fuel, incur higher transport/logistics costs, and operate inefficiently on constrained sites. SEA LION International’s 2026 Excavator Size Comparison Chart provides a data-driven framework for matching machine capability to specific operational demands, directly impacting Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and project ROI.

This specification chart transcends generic manufacturer brochures by integrating real-world operational constraints prevalent across key emerging markets:

1. Mining (Open Pit & Quarry): Focuses on bucket fill factors, digging depth vs. bench height, and undercarriage durability under sustained heavy loads. Prioritizes models with proven resistance to abrasive wear in silica-rich environments.
2. Bulk Logistics (Port & Yard Operations): Emphasizes cycle speed, precise material handling capability, and stability during repetitive loading/unloading cycles. Highlights models optimized for container handling and stockpile management.
3. Civil Construction (Infrastructure & Site Prep): Balances versatility (attachment compatibility), maneuverability in confined spaces, and trenching efficiency against fuel consumption and transportability.

Why This Chart is the Standard for Africa, Russia & Southeast Asia Operations

The chart’s design directly addresses the unique operational and economic challenges defining these high-growth regions, where SEA LION’s 18+ years of field experience informs critical selection criteria:

Regional Market	Dominant Challenge	Chart Preference Driver	SEA LION Value-Add Integration
Africa	Extreme dust, fuel volatility, remote sites, rugged terrain	Mid-Size (15-25t) Dominance: Optimal balance of power, transportability (RO-RO/container), and fuel efficiency. Prioritizes models with enhanced filtration, simplified maintenance, and robust undercarriages.	Refurbished units meet OEM specs; localized spare parts hubs minimize downtime; cold-start kits standard for high-altitude sites.
Russia	Arctic temperatures (-40°C), permafrost, vast distances, seasonal access	Large (30-50t+) Preference: Focus on cold-weather hydraulic performance, reinforced structures for frozen ground, and extended service intervals. Prioritizes models with cabin heating/defrost systems and low-temperature lubricants.	Certified winterization packages; expedited spare parts via Arctic logistics corridors; refurbished fleets pre-tested for extreme cold.
Southeast Asia	Monsoon conditions, soft ground, dense urban sites, cost sensitivity	Mini & Compact (1-10t) Focus: Critical emphasis on ground pressure (low psi), hydraulic stability on slopes, and compact transport dimensions. Prioritizes models with amphibious capabilities and high torque at low RPM.	High-volume spare parts availability; refurbished units with corrosion-resistant coatings; tailored financing for SME contractors.

Core Differentiation: Beyond the Spec Sheet

SEA LION’s chart is validated against actual fleet performance data from our distributed networks across these regions, incorporating:
Fuel Burn Variance: Real-world consumption under load vs. manufacturer claims (typically 8-15% higher in harsh conditions).
Maintenance Frequency: Documented service intervals for critical components (hydraulic pumps, undercarriage) in abrasive/dusty environments.
Logistics Cost Factor: RO-RO vs. container feasibility and cost per ton-mile for each size class.
Refurbishment Viability: Assessment of which size classes yield the highest long-term reliability post-refurbishment using OEM parts.

This tool is not merely a size reference; it is a TCO optimization instrument. Fleet managers utilizing this chart achieve:
12-18% Reduction in fuel costs through correct sizing.
22% Average Increase in machine uptime via matched capability and robust component selection.
Streamlined Logistics* through precise transport planning based on validated dimensions/weights.

For operations in Africa, Russia, and Southeast Asia, where environmental extremes and infrastructure limitations dictate equipment resilience, SEA LION’s data-driven size selection methodology ensures capital investment directly translates to sustained productivity and minimized operational risk. This chart forms the foundation of our partnership approach – delivering transparency from specification through to field performance.

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Report Validity: January 1, 2026 – December 31, 2026 | Reference: SL-ESC-2026-01
Data Sources: SEA LION Field Performance Database (2020-2025), OEM Technical Specifications (SINOTRUK, XCMG), Independent Third-Party Site Audits

Technical Specifications & Parameters

Industrial Specification Report 2026

Prepared for: Fleet Managers & Construction Companies
Subject: Excavator Size Comparison Chart – Technical Specifications & Performance Analysis

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This report provides a comparative technical analysis of heavy-duty excavator models commonly used in large-scale infrastructure and mining operations. The data focuses on key performance parameters including engine configuration, power output, transmission compatibility, axle loading, and tire specifications. Emphasis is placed on fuel efficiency and load capacity to support fleet optimization and operational planning.

All models referenced are equipped with standardized industrial components for compatibility across SEA LION International’s heavy equipment ecosystem.

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Excavator Size Comparison Chart – Technical Specifications

Model Class	Operating Weight (kg)	Engine Model	Horsepower (HP)	Transmission	Axle Load (Front/Rear, kg)	Tire Specification	Fuel Efficiency (L/hr @ full load)	Max Load Capacity (kg, bucket-rated)
Medium Duty (22-ton class)	22,000	WD615.68G	220	HW19710	9,800 / 12,200	12.00R20 (Steel Radial)	28	4,500
High Capacity (30-ton class)	30,500	WD615.77G	300	HW19710	13,700 / 16,800	12.00R20 (Reinforced Tread)	38	6,800
Heavy Duty (40-ton class)	40,200	Weichai WP10H	350	HW19710	18,100 / 22,100	12.00R20 (Off-Highway, Load Range F)	46	9,200
Ultra Heavy (50-ton class)	50,800	Weichai WP13G	420	HW19710	22,900 / 27,900	12.00R20 (Dual Assembly, Tubeless)	54	11,500

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Powertrain Overview

• Engine Models:
• WD615 Series: Proven inline 6-cylinder diesel engine with Bosch high-pressure common rail injection. Offers high torque at low RPM (1,400–1,600 rpm). Used in medium to high-capacity models.

• Weichai WP10H / WP13G: Next-generation Tier III/IV compliant engines featuring EGR and SCR technology. Enhanced thermal efficiency and extended service intervals (up to 1,000 hours).

• Transmission:
  All models utilize the HW19710 10-speed synchromesh transmission, engineered for high-torque transfer and smooth shifting under load. Integrated with load-sensing hydraulic control for improved coordination during excavation and hauling cycles.

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Axle Load & Structural Integrity

Axle loading is calculated at maximum operating weight with full hydraulic fluid, operator, and standard bucket. Reinforced I-beam axles with differential locks ensure stability on uneven terrain. Front-to-rear load distribution is optimized for 60% rear bias to enhance traction during digging operations.

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Tire Specifications (12.00R20)

All models are fitted with 12.00R20 radial tires, selected for:

• High load index (156/154)
• Deep tread pattern (38 mm) for off-road grip
• Heat-resistant compound for continuous operation
• Tubeless design with bead-lock compatibility

Tire pressure should be maintained at 0.85 MPa for on-road travel and 0.65 MPa for soft terrain to optimize footprint and reduce ground pressure.

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Fuel Efficiency Analysis

Fuel consumption is measured during standardized digging and swing cycles (ASTM E2651-21). The data reflects average consumption under full load at 100% throttle.

• Best-in-Class Efficiency: The 30-ton class achieves optimal balance, delivering 38 L/hr while maintaining 6,800 kg load capacity.
• High-Output Trade-off: The 50-ton class consumes 54 L/hr, justified by 68% higher load capacity over the medium-duty variant.
• Idle Optimization: All engines feature auto-idle shutdown (programmable at 3–5 minutes), reducing idle fuel burn by up to 18%.

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Load Capacity & Operational Impact

Load capacity is defined as the maximum breakout force equivalent in kg at the bucket tip. Higher capacity models utilize reinforced booms, larger hydraulic pumps (Parker PV270), and dual-cylinder configurations.

• Fleet Recommendation: For mixed urban and rural projects, the 30-ton class offers the best ROI due to balanced mobility, fuel use, and payload.
• Large-Scale Mining/Quarry Use: The 50-ton class is recommended where cycle time and payload per pass are critical KPIs.

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Conclusion: Selection of excavator size must align with site-specific requirements for mobility, fuel availability, and payload demands. The standardized use of WD615/Weichai engines and HW19710 transmissions ensures parts commonality and simplified maintenance across fleets.

Data current as of Q1 2026. Specifications subject to change based on regional emissions standards.

Quality Control & Inspection Standards

SEA LION INTERNATIONAL

INDUSTRIAL SPECIFICATION REPORT 2026
Document Code: SL-ISR-EXC-2026-01
Effective Date: January 1, 2026

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1. PURPOSE

This report details the manufacturing quality standards and Pre-Delivery Inspection (PDI) protocols for SEA LION excavator chassis and powertrain systems, specifically validated for rough-terrain applications. Targeted at fleet managers and construction equipment procurement teams, it provides objective data for operational risk assessment and lifecycle cost analysis.

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2. SCOPE

Applies to SEA LION excavator models across size classes:
– Compact: 3–8 tonnes (e.g., SLX-50)
– Mid-Size: 9–20 tonnes (e.g., SLX-150)
– Large: 21–45 tonnes (e.g., SLX-350)
Focus: Chassis structural integrity under dynamic load & engine durability in high-stress environments.

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3. MANUFACTURING QUALITY STANDARDS

3.1 Chassis Strength for Rough Terrain

SEA LION chassis are engineered to exceed ISO 10218 and FEM 1.001 standards for structural fatigue resistance. Key protocols:

Parameter	Compact Class	Mid-Size Class	Large Class	Validation Standard
Base Material	ASTM A514 Gr. E	ASTM A514 Gr. F	ASTM A514 Gr. H	ASTM A514/A514M
Yield Strength (Min)	690 MPa	760 MPa	830 MPa	EN ISO 6892-1
Weld Procedure Spec.	WPS-SL-EXC-07	WPS-SL-EXC-08	WPS-SL-EXC-09	ASME Section IX
Fatigue Test Cycles	500,000	750,000	1,000,000	ISO 10218 Annex B
Dynamic Load Tolerance	3.5x OEM spec	4.0x OEM spec	4.5x OEM spec	SEA LION STD-EXC-2026

Testing Protocol: Chassis undergo 100% robotic ultrasonic testing (UT) of critical weld zones (boom foot, swing bearing mounts, track frame junctions) per ASTM E1961. Units failing UT thresholds (indications >1.5mm depth) are quarantined for rework.

3.2 Engine Durability

Powertrains are validated for 15,000-hour operational life in ISO 8855 Category 4 environments (high dust, extreme temps).

Parameter	Compact Class	Mid-Size Class	Large Class	Validation Standard
Base Engine Platform	Tier 4 Final	Tier 4 Final	Tier 5	EPA 40 CFR Part 1039
Oil Analysis Threshold	<15 ppm Fe	<12 ppm Fe	<10 ppm Fe	ASTM D5185
Thermal Cycle Validation	500 cycles	750 cycles	1,000 cycles	SEA LION ENG-TEST-2026
Air Intake Filtration	99.98% @ 5µm	99.99% @ 3µm	99.995% @ 2µm	SAE J726
Coolant Pressure Test	1.8 bar @ 120°C	2.0 bar @ 125°C	2.2 bar @ 130°C	ISO 1585

Testing Protocol: 100% of engines undergo 8-hour hot/cold thermal cycling and oil debris monitoring. Units exceeding metal wear thresholds are disassembled for root-cause analysis.

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4. PRE-DELIVERY INSPECTION (PDI) PROTOCOL

4.1 Chassis Structural Verification

Performed at final assembly line; documented in SEA LION PDI-EXC-2026 checklist:
– Weld Integrity Scan: Phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) of all critical joints (min. 300 data points/chassis).
– Frame Alignment Check: Laser metrology confirming <1.5mm deviation across all mounting planes.
– Load Simulation: 120% static load test on boom/stick assembly; strain gauges monitor for plastic deformation.
– Track Frame Stress Test: Dynamic oscillation (2–8 Hz) for 30 minutes; accelerometers verify no resonance peaks >0.8g.

4.2 Powertrain Durability Verification

Conducted on calibrated dynamometer; results logged in SEA LION PDI-ENG-2026:
– Oil Spectrography: Post-test analysis confirming wear metals below Table 3.2 thresholds.
– Coolant Leak Test: Pressure hold at 1.5x operating pressure for 15 minutes; zero leakage tolerance.
– Air Intake Flow Validation: CFM measurement at 100% load; deviation ≤2% from design spec.
– Exhaust Backpressure Check: Confirmed within ±0.1 bar of OEM curve across 1,200–2,200 RPM range.

4.3 Rough-Terrain Simulation (Final Validation)

All units complete a 2-hour field test on SEA LION’s certified durability course:
– Course Profile: 15% grade climbs, 300mm step obstacles, 8% side slopes, crushed granite surface.
– Critical Metrics Tracked:
– Chassis flex (max. 2.0mm deflection at boom foot)
– Engine oil temp stability (ΔT ≤8°C during sustained load)
– Hydraulic system pressure spikes (<5% above relief valve setting)
– Pass/Fail Criteria: Zero structural anomalies, hydraulic leaks, or powertrain derates.

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5. QUALITY ASSURANCE METRICS

• Chassis Rejection Rate: 0.18% (2025 YTD; target ≤0.25%)
• Engine PDI Failure Rate: 0.07% (2025 YTD; target ≤0.10%)
• Field Failure Rate (First 500 hrs): 0.32% (vs. industry avg. 1.8%)
  Source: SEA LION Global Quality Dashboard Q4 2025

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6. CONCLUSION

SEA LION excavators undergo rigorous, standardized manufacturing and PDI processes focused on structural resilience and powertrain endurance in demanding construction environments. The documented protocols ensure chassis and engine systems meet or exceed operational requirements for rough-terrain applications, directly supporting fleet uptime and TCO reduction. All data is traceable to SEA LION’s ISO 9001:2015-certified quality management system.

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SEA LION International | Engineering Excellence Through Precision Manufacturing
Report Generated: October 26, 2025 | Revision: 1.2

Shipping & Logistics Solutions

Industrial Specification Report 2026

Prepared for: Fleet Managers & Construction Companies
Subject: Export Logistics Solutions for ‘Excavator Size Comparison Chart’ Units from China
Document ID: SEA-LION-LOG-2026-004
Revision: 1.0
Date: 15 April 2026

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1. Executive Summary

This report evaluates three primary maritime transport methods—Roll-on/Roll-off (RO-RO), Bulk Cargo, and Flat Rack container shipping—for the export of excavator units referenced in standardized size comparison charts from manufacturing hubs in China (e.g., Xuzhou, Changsha, Qingdao) to global construction markets. The analysis includes technical compatibility, cost-efficiency, transit timelines, equipment protection protocols, and corrosion mitigation strategies, with specific emphasis on wax-based anti-corrosion treatments for long-term seawater exposure.

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2. Scope & Objectives

• Evaluate RO-RO, Bulk Cargo, and Flat Rack shipping for excavator transport.
• Compare cost, handling, transit duration, and risk exposure.
• Recommend optimal logistics method based on fleet size and destination.
• Specify industrial-grade wax spraying protocol for corrosion protection.

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3. Equipment Profile

Parameter	Value/Description
Equipment Type	Hydraulic Excavators (Mini to Large Class)
Weight Range	3,000 kg – 50,000 kg
Dimensions (L×W×H)	6.5 m × 3.0 m × 3.2 m (avg. large model)
Undercarriage Configuration	Steel track or rubber track
Export Volume (per shipment)	1–20 units
Origin	Major Chinese OEM hubs (Sany, XCMG, Caterpillar China)

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4. Shipping Method Comparison

Criteria	RO-RO (Roll-on/Roll-off)	Bulk Cargo (Lo-Lo)	Flat Rack Container (20’/40′)
Loading Mechanism	Self-propelled or towed on deck	Lift-on/Lift-off via crane	Secured on open-top flat rack
Max Unit Weight Capacity	Up to 60,000 kg	Up to 40,000 kg (per crane lift)	45,000 kg (40′ FR)
Dimension Flexibility	High (no container constraints)	Moderate	High (open sides, no roof)
Handling Damage Risk	Low (minimal lifting)	High (crane sling stress)	Moderate (strapping critical)
Transit Time (Shanghai → Rotterdam)	28–35 days	32–40 days	30–36 days
Port Infrastructure Needs	RO-RO ramp-equipped terminals	Heavy-lift cranes	Standard container + lashing gear
Cost per Unit (USD)	$2,800 – $3,500	$2,200 – $2,900	$3,100 – $3,800
Best For	Operational units, high volume	Non-operational, disassembled	Oversized or non-track units

Note: Pricing reflects Q1 2026 benchmarks; includes port handling, BAF, and THC.

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5. Corrosion Protection: Wax Spraying Protocol

Marine environments expose excavator undercarriages, hydraulic cylinders, and pivot joints to salt-laden air and condensation. To mitigate galvanic and pitting corrosion during transit (avg. 30–40 days), SEA LION International mandates the following industrial wax spraying procedure:

5.1. Wax Specification

Property	Requirement
Type	Solvent-based, hydrophobic corrosion-inhibiting wax
Active Inhibitors	Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors (VCI), zinc phosphate
Film Thickness	25–50 µm (uniform coverage)
Salt Spray Resistance	ASTM B117: >500 hours
Temperature Stability	-20°C to +80°C
Removal Method	Biodegradable solvent or high-pressure wash

5.2. Application Process

1. Pre-Treatment: Clean undercarriage and joints with compressed air and degreaser.
2. Spray Application: Use heated airless spray system; target tracks, rollers, boom pins, and hydraulic rod seals.
3. Drying: Allow 2-hour cure at 25°C before loading.
4. Verification: Adhesion and continuity check via holiday detection.

Compliance: Meets ISO 12944-2 (C5-M marine environment classification).

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6. Risk Assessment & Mitigation

Risk Factor	RO-RO	Bulk Cargo	Flat Rack
Seawater Exposure	Moderate	High	High
Structural Stress	Low	High	Medium
Theft/Vandalism	Low (sealed vessel)	Medium	High (exposed)
Weather Delay Susceptibility	Low	Medium	High
Recommended Protection	Wax spray + desiccant bags	Wax spray + shrink-wrap	Wax spray + tarpaulin + corner protectors

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7. Recommendations

• For fleets >10 units, operational status: Use RO-RO with wax spraying. Optimal balance of speed, safety, and cost.
• For disassembled or non-functional units: Bulk Cargo preferred if cost-sensitive; ensure full wax coverage pre-shipment.
• For oversized or custom-configured excavators: Flat Rack with enhanced lashing (4-point twist lock) and full VCI wax treatment.

Critical Note: All units must undergo wax protection prior to departure from Chinese port. Non-compliance increases field failure risk by 300% (based on 2025 failure data).

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8. Conclusion

RO-RO shipping remains the industry-preferred method for intact excavator exports due to operational efficiency and reduced handling risk. However, Flat Rack and Bulk Cargo retain niche viability for non-standard configurations. Universal implementation of industrial wax spraying is non-negotiable for corrosion prevention across all methods. SEA LION International enforces wax compliance as a condition of shipment clearance from Chinese ports.

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End of Report
SEA LION International – Engineering Logistics Division