Overview: Used Trucks Denver for Global Markets

INDUSTRIAL SPECIFICATION REPORT 2026

SEA LION International Trade Co., Ltd.
Refurbished Heavy-Duty Truck Solutions for Global Operations

---

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW: SEA LION REFURBISHED TRUCK PROGRAM (“DENVER SERIES”)

Purpose & Scope

This report details the operational and economic rationale for deploying SEA LION’s professionally refurbished heavy-duty trucks (codenamed “Denver Series”) within mining, construction, and logistics fleets across emerging markets. The “Denver Series” represents rigorously reconditioned assets from authorized OEM partners (SINOTRUK HOWO, SHACMAN F3000/F5000, XCMG), targeting fleet managers requiring proven durability at optimized total cost of ownership (TCO).

Core Application Domains

The “Denver Series” is engineered for high-utilization environments where new-unit capital expenditure (CAPEX) is prohibitive, yet operational continuity is non-negotiable:

Sector	Primary Use Case	Key Technical Requirements Met by Denver Series
Mining	Haulage (overburden, ore)	Reinforced chassis (≥50T GVWR), dust-sealed drivetrains, EGR-free engine options for high-altitude operations
Construction	Aggregate transport, site logistics	Short-wheelbase maneuverability, hydraulic compatibility (e.g., XCMG crane integration), ROPS-certified cabs
Logistics	Bulk freight (regional corridors)	Fuel-efficient 380-430HP engines, 6×4/8×4 configurations, telematics-ready wiring harnesses

Regional Preference Drivers: Africa, Russia, Southeast Asia

SEA LION’s 18+ years of export experience confirm consistent demand for the “Denver Series” in these regions due to operational pragmatism, not cost alone. Critical success factors include:

Technical & Logistical Advantages

Market	Dominant Preference Drivers	SEA LION Implementation
Africa	Extreme dust/heat resilience; fuel flexibility (diesel/gasoline variants); simplified maintenance in remote areas	All units undergo SAE-certified engine rebuilds; sand-resistant air filtration (IP65); localized service partner network in 12 key nations
Russia	Sub-zero operability (-40°C); heavy-payload tolerance on unpaved roads; sanctions-resistant parts supply chain	Cold-weather package (glow plug upgrades, arctic lubricants); reinforced suspension; 98% spare parts stockpile in Vladivostok hub
SE Asia	Right-sized payloads (25-35T) for narrow infrastructure; corrosion resistance (monsoon exposure)	Marine-grade undercoating; modular axle configurations; ASEAN-compliant emissions (Euro III/V)

Quantified Value Proposition

SEA LION’s refurbishment protocol directly addresses regional failure points observed in unvetted used imports:

Failure Mode (Unrefurbished Imports)	SEA LION “Denver Series” Mitigation	Impact on Fleet TCO
Premature engine wear (40% failure rate in Africa)	OEM-spec cylinder honing, turbo rebuilds, 100% dyno testing	↓ Downtime by 35%
Electrical system corrosion (SE Asia)	Full wiring harness replacement, conformal coating	↑ Uptime by 28%
Structural fatigue (Russian roads)	Chassis straightening to ISO 4253-1, critical weld NDT	↑ Asset lifespan by 22 months

Strategic Rationale for Fleet Adoption

The “Denver Series” eliminates the risk-reward imbalance of unverified used trucks while avoiding new-unit depreciation penalties. SEA LION’s closed-loop ecosystem—OEM-authorized refurbishment → global logistics (RO-RO priority booking) → genuine spare parts pipeline—ensures:
– Predictable maintenance costs (parts pricing locked for 24 months via SEA LION contracts)
– Operational continuity (72-hour critical parts dispatch from regional hubs)
– Compliance assurance (all units meet destination-market safety/emissions standards)

For fleet managers in resource-constrained environments, this model delivers industrial-grade reliability at 45-60% of new-truck acquisition cost, directly supporting project ROI in volatile markets. SEA LION’s focus on transparency (full refurbishment logs, pre-shipment inspection reports) and long-term partnership cements its role as a strategic asset provider—not merely a vendor.

---

Report Validity: January 1, 2026 – December 31, 2026 | SEA LION International Trade Co., Ltd. – ISO 9001:2015 Certified

Technical Specifications & Parameters

Industrial Specification Report 2026

Prepared for: Fleet Managers & Construction Companies
Subject: Technical Evaluation of Used Heavy-Duty Trucks – Denver Market

This report outlines the technical specifications and operational performance metrics of commonly available used heavy-duty trucks in the Denver metropolitan area. Units evaluated are primarily Class 8 models from Chinese OEMs (e.g., Sinotruk HOWO) equipped with Weichai powertrains, frequently observed in regional hauling and construction logistics operations.

---

Core Technical Specifications – Typical Used Truck Configuration (Denver Market)

Parameter	Specification
Engine Model	Weichai WD615.69 / WD615.77 (Euro III/IV)
Engine Type	Inline 6-Cylinder, Water-Cooled, Turbocharged Diesel
Displacement	9.726 L
Max Horsepower	336 hp @ 2,200 rpm
Peak Torque	1,400 N·m @ 1,200–1,600 rpm
Transmission	HW19710 – 10-Speed Manual (Full Syncro)
Gear Ratios (Typical)	1st: 12.88, 10th: 0.78, R: 12.47
Front Axle Load	7,000 kg (15,432 lbs)
Rear Axle Load	16,000 kg (35,274 lbs) x 2 (Tandem)
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR)	49,000 kg (108,020 lbs)
Tire Specification	12.00R20 18PR Steel Radial (Tubeless)
Tire Load Index	152/148 (Single/ Dual)
Tire Pressure	850–900 kPa (123–130 psi)
Fuel Tank Capacity	400 L (Dual-Side, Aluminum)
Lubrication System	Wet Sump, Full-Flow Filtration
Cooling System	Cross-Flow Radiator, Thermostatically Controlled

---

Performance Analysis

Fuel Efficiency

• Average Fuel Consumption: 28–34 L/100 km (8.3–6.9 mpg) under mixed terrain (Denver to Front Range construction zones).
• Optimal Cruise Efficiency: Achieved at 1,400–1,600 rpm in 8th–10th gears; fuel economy improves to ~26 L/100 km (9.1 mpg) on flat interstates (e.g., I-70 East).
• Fuel Type Compatibility: Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD, <15 ppm); biodiesel blends up to B5 acceptable with OEM filter upgrades.
• Factors Affecting Efficiency: High-altitude operation (Denver avg. 1,600 m / 5,280 ft) reduces effective engine output by ~10–12%, increasing fuel consumption if load profiles are not adjusted.

Load Capacity & Operational Suitability

• Rated Payload Capacity: 32,000–38,000 kg (70,548–83,776 lbs), depending on body configuration (flatbed, dump, or lowboy).
• Axle Load Distribution: Optimized for even weight spread; tandem rear axles with multi-leaf spring suspension support high GVWR in aggregate and earthmoving applications.
• Construction Use Case Fit: Ideal for short-haul dump, rock hauling, and equipment transport within 150-mile radius of Denver.
• Durability Notes: Weichai WD615 engines demonstrate robustness under continuous load; field data shows MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) of 8,000–10,000 hours with scheduled maintenance.

---

Operational Recommendations

• Pre-Purchase Inspection Focus: Verify ECU logs for derate events, inspect turbocharger health, and confirm transmission synchro ring condition in HW19710 units.
• Altitude Compensation: Ensure turbocharger wastegate and ECU tuning are calibrated for high-altitude operation to maintain combustion efficiency.
• Tire Maintenance Regime: Monitor 12.00R20 wear patterns; uneven shoulder wear indicates improper alignment or overloading.
• Retrofit Potential: Consider retrofitting with EPA-compliant DPF/SCR systems for expanded operational zones and resale value enhancement.

---

Conclusion: Used trucks equipped with Weichai WD615 engines and HW19710 transmissions offer cost-effective, high-payload solutions for construction and regional freight in the Denver market. With proper maintenance and load management, these units deliver reliable performance in demanding alpine and semi-arid environments. Fleet managers should prioritize units with documented service history and upgraded cooling packages for optimal lifecycle ROI.

Quality Control & Inspection Standards

SEA LION INTERNATIONAL

INDUSTRIAL SPECIFICATION REPORT: USED TRUCK REFURBISHMENT PROCEDURE
REPORT ID: SL-REFURB-DEN-2026-01
EFFECTIVE DATE: 15 JANUARY 2026
TARGET AUDIENCE: FLEET MANAGERS, CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT PROCUREMENT OFFICERS

---

1. PURPOSE

This report details SEA LION International’s standardized refurbishment protocol for pre-owned Class 8 trucks acquired in the Denver metropolitan market. The process ensures operational reliability, regulatory compliance (FMVSS/CMVSS), and extended service life under high-altitude (1,600m ASL) and heavy-duty construction conditions. All units undergo 100% validation against SEA LION’s SL-STD-REF-2026 quality framework.

---

2. REFURBISHMENT PROCESS: DENVER-MARKET TRUCKS

2.1 ENGINE & GEARBOX TESTING

Compliance Standard: SL-STD-ENG-2026 (Exceeds SAE J1939/J1587)

All powertrains undergo dynamometer and road-load testing per Denver’s high-altitude operational profile (reduced oxygen density, thermal stress). Units failing any criterion are rejected.

Test Parameter	Acceptance Threshold	Verification Method
Crankcase Pressure	≤ 0.5 psi @ 2,200 RPM	Laser diode sensor (ISO 1585)
EGT Spread (Cylinders)	≤ 45°C differential	Thermocouple array (SAE J335)
Gearbox Shift Consistency	≤ 0.8s shift time variance	CAN bus telemetry (J1939 DM1)
Oil Spectroscopy	Fe < 50 ppm, Si < 15 ppm	Lab analysis (ASTM D5185)

Note: 22.7% of Denver-acquired units fail initial testing due to particulate contamination from Front Range dust exposure.

---

2.2 CABIN REPAINTING

Compliance Standard: SL-STD-CAB-2026 (Exceeds ASTM D3359/D4585)

Surface preparation and coating application address Denver’s UV exposure (300+ sunny days/year) and alkaline dust abrasion.

Process Stage	Specification	Quality Control Check
Substrate Prep	SSPC-SP 10/NACE No. 2; pH 7.0–7.5	Adhesion test (≥ 5.0 MPa)
Primer Application	Epoxy zinc-rich (80μm DFT)	Holiday detection (0 defects/m²)
Topcoat	Polyurethane (120μm DFT; ΔE < 0.5 vs. spec)	Gloss retention (≥ 85% @ 60° after 500h QUV)
Curing	80°C for 45 min (ISO 2813)	MEK double rubs (>100)

All cabins receive corrosion-inhibiting undercoating per ASTM B117 (1,000h salt spray pass).

---

2023 TIRE & BATTERY REPLACEMENT

Compliance Standard: SL-STD-ELEC-2026 / SL-STD-TIRE-2026

Critical for high-cycle construction operations in Denver’s variable terrain (urban/rocky/mountainous).

Component	Specification	Validation
Tires	Michelin X Works XDN2 (295/75R22.5)	Load/speed rating verification (ISO 4000)
	Dual-mount; 18 PR; E4 tread depth	Uniformity test (≤ 15N radial force)
Battery	Optima YellowTop D34M (720 CCA)	Conductance test (> 1,200MCM)
	VRLA; SAE J537 compliant	Cold-crank simulation (-18°C)

Note: Tires are dynamically balanced to < 15g residual imbalance; batteries undergo 3-cycle load testing.

---

2.4 CHASSIS REINFORCEMENT

Compliance Standard: SL-STD-CHASSIS-2026 (Exceeds AAR S-507)

Addresses Denver-market fatigue from high-altitude payload stress and road vibration.

Reinforcement Zone	Material/Process	Inspection Protocol
Crossmember Joints	ASTM A572 Gr 50 steel (10mm plate gussets)	UT thickness scan (±0.2mm tolerance)
Suspension Mounts	Robotic MIG weld (ER70S-6; 100% penetration)	RT radiography (ASME IX)
Frame Rails	Shot peening (Almen A 0.008″)	Residual stress mapping (XRD)
Corrosion Protection	E-coat + ceramic polymer (ISO 9227)	Salt spray validation (2,000h pass)

All welds certified to AWS D1.1; chassis alignment verified to ±1.5mm tolerance via laser metrology.

---

3. SEA LION QUALITY ASSURANCE PROTOCOL

• Zero-Defect Policy: Units failing >1 critical parameter in any step are rejected.
• Traceability: Full digital twin (IoT sensors + blockchain log) from acquisition to delivery.
• Denver-Specific Calibration: All systems adjusted for 17% reduced air density (Denver altitude).
• Final Validation: 150-mile road test on I-70 corridor (elevation 1,600–3,000m) with payload.

Failure Rate (2025 Denver Cohort): 18.3% at intake → 2.1% post-refurbishment (vs. industry avg. 8.7%).

---

4. CONCLUSION

SEA LION’s Denver-market truck refurbishment delivers OEM-equivalent reliability through altitude-optimized engineering and uncompromising adherence to SL-STD-REF-2026. Each unit undergoes 217 discrete validation points, ensuring 400,000-mile operational readiness for construction fleet demands. Refurbished assets include a 12-month/120,000-mile component warranty.

SEA LION International – Engineering Reliability for Industrial Operations
Report Generated Under Controlled Document System SL-QMS-004 Rev. 9

Shipping & Logistics Solutions

Industrial Specification Report 2026

Prepared by: SEA LION International – Senior Engineering Division
Subject: Export Logistics Solutions for Used Trucks from Denver, China
Target Audience: Fleet Managers | Construction Equipment Procurement Officers

---

Executive Summary

This report evaluates three primary maritime transport methods—RO-RO (Roll-on/Roll-off), Bulk Cargo, and Flat Rack container shipping—for the export of used trucks originally sourced from Denver, USA, and consolidated through Chinese export hubs. With increasing global demand for cost-effective heavy-duty transport assets, optimized logistics execution is critical to preserving asset integrity, minimizing delivery lead time, and reducing operational risk. Special emphasis is placed on seawater-induced corrosion mitigation via industrial wax spraying protocols.

---

1. Transport Method Comparison: RO-RO vs Bulk Cargo vs Flat Rack

Parameter	RO-RO	Bulk Cargo	Flat Rack
Definition	Vessels designed for wheeled cargo; trucks driven on/off via ramps	Non-containerized, stowed loosely in vessel holds	Open-sided containers with no walls or roof; secured on deck or in holds
Suitable for Used Trucks?	✅ Ideal for operable units	❌ Not recommended; high handling risk	✅ Suitable for non-operable or oversized units
Loading Efficiency	High (direct roll-on)	Low (requires cranes)	Medium (crane-assisted)
Cargo Protection	Moderate (exposed to salt air)	Low (high exposure, shifting risk)	High (tied-down, customizable lashings)
Transit Time	Short (fast turnaround at ports)	Medium to Long	Medium
Port Infrastructure Requirements	RO-RO-capable terminals only	General bulk terminals	Standard container terminals
Cost per Unit (USD Estimate)	$1,800 – $2,500	$1,200 – $1,600 (but high risk)	$2,800 – $3,600
Damage Risk (Relative)	Medium	High	Low to Medium
Best Use Case	Operable trucks, time-sensitive delivery	Not advised for high-value trucks	Non-running units, modified chassis, wide loads

Note: Bulk cargo is not recommended for used commercial trucks due to high risk of structural damage, misplacement, and corrosion exposure. RO-RO and Flat Rack are preferred based on truck condition and destination infrastructure.

---

2. Corrosion Protection: Wax Spraying Protocol

Seawater exposure during transit presents a significant risk of corrosion on undercarriages, frames, brake lines, and electrical junctions. SEA LION International implements an Industrial-Grade Anti-Corrosion Wax Spraying System as standard for all exported used trucks.

Wax Spraying Specifications

Parameter	Specification
Wax Type	Solvent-based, hydrophobic polymer blend (ASTM D130 compliant)
Application Method	High-pressure electrostatic spray + manual touch-up
Coverage Areas	Frame rails, suspension components, fuel tanks, wheel hubs, undercarriage
Film Thickness	25–35 microns (measured via Elcometer 456)
Salt Spray Resistance	500+ hours (per ISO 9227 NSS test)
Removability	Biodegradable solvent wash (non-toxic, workshop-safe)
Validity	12 months in marine environments

Benefits:

• Prevents galvanic and crevice corrosion during ocean transit
• Reduces post-arrival reconditioning labor by up to 40%
• Maintains OEM structural integrity for resale certification

Compliance: Treatment performed in accordance with ISO 12944-2 (Corrosion Protection of Steel Structures).

---

3. Recommended Logistics Strategy

Truck Condition	Recommended Method	Rationale
Operable, standard dimensions	RO-RO	Fast loading, lower cost, minimal handling
Inoperable, salvage, or modified	Flat Rack	Secure lashing, full access for bracing, ideal for non-functional units
Multiple units (50+ fleet)	Mixed-mode: RO-RO (operable) + Flat Rack (non-operable)	Optimizes cost and safety across heterogeneous fleets

---

4. Port & Handling Considerations (China Export Hubs)

Port	RO-RO Capacity	Container (Flat Rack) Handling	Average Berth Wait Time
Shanghai (Yangshan)	High	Very High	12–24 hrs
Qingdao	High	High	18–36 hrs
Guangzhou Nansha	Medium	Very High	24–48 hrs
Tianjin	Medium	High	36–60 hrs

Recommendation: For large-volume exports, utilize Shanghai or Qingdao for optimal RO-RO and Flat Rack coordination.

---

5. Conclusion

For fleet managers and construction equipment buyers sourcing used trucks from Denver via Chinese export channels, RO-RO shipping is optimal for functional units, while Flat Rack containers provide superior protection for damaged or non-operational assets. Bulk cargo transport is not advised due to unacceptable risk profiles.

Critical Success Factor: Implementation of standardized wax spraying anti-corrosion treatment is non-negotiable for maintaining residual asset value during prolonged maritime exposure.

SEA LION International applies ISO-certified handling protocols across all transport modes, ensuring compliance, traceability, and structural integrity from origin to final destination.

---

Document Control: SEA LION-ENG-ISR-2026-0418
Revision: 1.2 | Classification: Industrial Use Only